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Estimation of distribution algorithm enhanced particle swarm optimization for water distribution network

Xuewei QI,Ke LI,Walter D. POTTER

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 341-351 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0776-z

摘要： The optimization of a water distribution network (WDN) is a highly nonlinear, multi-modal, and constrained combinatorial problem. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) has been shown to be a fast converging algorithm for WDN optimization. An improved estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA) using historic best positions to construct a sample space is hybridized with PSO both in sequential and in parallel to improve population diversity control and avoid premature convergence. Two water distribution network benchmark examples from the literature are adopted to evaluate the performance of the proposed hybrid algorithms. The experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithms achieved the literature record minimum (6.081 M$) for the small size Hanoi network. For the large size Balerma network, the parallel hybrid achieved a slightly lower minimum (1.921M?) than the current literature reported best minimum (1.923M?). The average number of evaluations needed to achieve the minimum is one order smaller than most existing algorithms. With a fixed, small number of evaluations, the sequential hybrid outperforms the parallel hybrid showing its capability for fast convergence. The fitness and diversity of the populations were tracked for the proposed algorithms. The track record suggests that constructing an EDA sample space with historic best positions can improve diversity control significantly. Parallel hybridization also helps to improve diversity control yet its effect is relatively less significant.

关键词： particle swarm optimization (PSO)     diversity control     estimation of distribution algorithm (EDA)     water distribution network (WDN)     premature convergence     hybrid strategy    

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Distributed energy management for networked microgrids in a three-phase unbalanced distribution network

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 446-446 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0851-7

摘要： Owing to increased penetration of three-phase and single-phase microgrids, distributed energy resources (DERs), and responsive loads, the maintenance of a three-phase balance by distribution networks is a significant challenge. Existing literature on distributed energy management for networked microgrids generally neglects the distribution network or employs a simplified phase balanced distribution network; thus, these evaluations are not applicable. Further, the underlying mutual coupling between the different phases of distribution feeders results in a more challenging situation. To solve this issue, this study sought to propose distributed energy management based on a three-phase unbalanced distribution network. Various three-phase or single-phase microgrids, utility-owned DERs, and responsive loads were coordinated through iteratively adjusted price signals. Based on the price signals received, the microgrid controllers (MCs) and distribution management system (DMS) updated the schedules of the DERs and responsive loads under their jurisdiction separately. The price signals were then updated according to the generation-load mismatch at each node and distributed to the corresponding MCs and DMS for the next iteration. The iteration continued until a sufficiently small generation-load mismatch was achieved at all nodes, that is, a balanced generation and load at all nodes under the agreed price signals. Considering a three-phase unbalanced distribution network, the price signals were determined per phase per node. Overall, the proposed distributed energy management coordinates microgrids, utility-owned DERs, responsive loads with guaranteed network constraints, and preserves the privacy of microgrid customers. This distributed energy management method was further demonstrated through various case studies on a three-phase networked microgrid test system.

关键词： distributed optimization     energy management     networked microgrids     three-phase distribution network     distributed energy resources    

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Data-driven distribution network topology identification considering correlated generation power of distributed

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 121-129 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0780-x

摘要： This paper proposes a data-driven topology identification method for distribution systems with distributed energy resources (DERs). First, a neural network is trained to depict the relationship between nodal power injections and voltage magnitude measurements, and then it is used to generate synthetic measurements under independent nodal power injections, thus eliminating the influence of correlated nodal power injections on topology identification. Second, a maximal information coefficient-based maximum spanning tree algorithm is developed to obtain the network topology by evaluating the dependence among the synthetic measurements. The proposed method is tested on different distribution networks and the simulation results are compared with those of other methods to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： power distribution network     data-driven     topology identification     distributed energy resource     maximal information coefficient    

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Planning and analysis of the demonstration project of the MVDC distribution network in Zhuhai

Lu QU, Zhanqing YU, Qiang SONG, Zhichang YUAN, Biao ZHAO, Dawei YAO, Jianfu CHEN, Yao LIU, Rong ZENG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 120-130 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0599-2

摘要： The DC distribution system is an important development direction of the distribution system, which can improve the reliability and the quality of the power supply, and support the new energy, the energy storage, the electric vehicles, and the flexible access of AC and DC loads to grid. To realize the demonstration application of the DC distribution technology, China’s first demonstration project of the medium voltage DC distribution network will be built in Zhuhai, Guangdong Province to support the construction of the city energy internet. First, this paper analyzes the demand of the DC distribution network project, and puts forward the construction content and construction target. Then, it designs and analyzes the electrical connection mode, system operation mode, and startup and shutdown mode of the DC distribution network, and proposes the overall project construction plan. Finally, it conducts the specific project design and analysis, which mainly include the selection of equipment such as inverters, DC transformers and DC circuit breakers, the design and analysis of the DC control and protection system, the design and analysis of the over-voltage protection and the configuration scheme of the lightning arrester, and analysis of the system transient characteristics. The design and analysis of the engineering program is a combination of China’s distribution network engineering practice and technical characteristics, which lays a solid foundation for the advancement of the DC power distribution technology in China, and has reference value and demonstration effect for the design and construction of other projects.

关键词： MVDC distribution network     DC solid state transformer     DC circuit breaker     modular multilevel converter    

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A novel power system reconfiguration for a distribution system with minimum load balancing index using

K. Sathish KUMAR, T. JAYABARATHI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 260-265 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0196-8

摘要： In this paper, the objective of minimum load balancing index (LBI) for the 16-bus distribution system is achieved using bacterial foraging optimization algorithm (BFOA). The feeder reconfiguration problem is formulated as a non-linear optimization problem and the optimal solution is obtained using BFOA. With the proposed reconfiguration method, the radial structure of the distribution system is retained and the burden on the optimization technique is reduced. Test results are presented for the 16-bus sample network, the proposed reconfiguration method has effectively decreased the LBI, and the BFOA technique is efficient in searching for the optimal solution.

关键词： bacterial foraging optimization algorithm (BFOA)     distribution system     network reconfiguration     load balancing index (LBI)     radial network    

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Hazard and vulnerability evaluation of water distribution system in cases of contamination intrusion

Kunlun XIN, Tao TAO, Yong WANG, Suiqing LIU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第6期   页码 839-848 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0409-8

摘要： In this paper, it proposed an index system for hazard and vulnerability evaluations of water distribution networks, based on the simulation of contamination events caused by pollutant injections at different junctions. It attempted to answer the following two questions in the case of contamination events: 1) Which are the most hazardous junctions? 2) Which are the most vulnerable junctions? With EPANET toolkit, it simulated the propagation of the contaminant, and calculated the peak concentration of the contaminant and mass delivered at different nodes. According to types of consumers, different weights were assigned to the consumer nodes for assessing the influence of the contaminant on the consumers. Using the method proposed herein, both the hazard index and vulnerability index were calculated for each node in the pipe network. The presented method was therefore applied to the water network of the city of Zhenjiang, which contains two water plants, two booster pump stations with storage tanks. In conclusion, the response time, the relationships between the peak concentration of contaminant and the total absorption are the most important factors in hazard and vulnerability evaluation of the water distribution network.

关键词： water distribution network     hazard     vulnerability     contaminant accident    

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Active-reactive power scheduling of integrated electricity-gas network with multi-microgrids

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 251-265 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0857-1

摘要： Advances in natural gas-fired technologies have deepened the coupling between electricity and gas networks, promoting the development of the integrated electricity-gas network (IEGN) and strengthening the interaction between the active-reactive power flow in the power distribution network (PDN) and the natural gas flow in the gas distribution network (GDN). This paper proposes a day-ahead active-reactive power scheduling model for the IEGN with multi-microgrids (MMGs) to minimize the total operating cost. Through the tight coupling relationship between the subsystems of the IEGN, the potentialities of the IEGN with MMGs toward multi-energy cooperative interaction is optimized. Important component models are elaborated in the PDN, GDN, and coupled MMGs. Besides, motivated by the non-negligible impact of the reactive power, optimal inverter dispatch (OID) is considered to optimize the active and reactive power capabilities of the inverters of distributed generators. Further, a second-order cone (SOC) relaxation technology is utilized to transform the proposed active-reactive power scheduling model into a convex optimization problem that the commercial solver can directly solve. A test system consisting of an IEEE-33 test system and a 7-node natural gas network is adopted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheduling method. The results show that the proposed scheduling method can effectively reduce the power losses of the PDN in the IEGN by 9.86%, increase the flexibility of the joint operation of the subsystems of the IEGN, reduce the total operation costs by $32.20, and effectively enhance the operation economy of the IEGN.

关键词： combined cooling     heating     and power (CCHP)     integrated energy systems (IES)     natural gas     power distribution system     gas distribution system    

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Distribution of phytoplankton community and its influence factors in an urban river network, East China

Ling Sun, Hui Wang, Yuanqing Kan, Shiliang Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1062-7

摘要：

Effects of urban river conditions on phytoplankton community were investigated.

Nitrate utilization and hydrodynamic condition affected phytoplankton distribution.

A winter bloom was induced by abundant ammonia, total phosphorus and organic matters.

The diatoms and euglenoids dominated in an urban beheaded river ecosystem.

关键词： Phytoplankton composition     Spatiotemporal distribution     Functional groups     Nitrate nitrogen     Winter bloom    

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自控阀在给水管网中布置方法的研究

张宏伟,郭祎萍,牛志广,张丽

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第7期   页码 71-75

摘要：

提出了一个通过管网水力计算在管网中实现自控阀合理布置的方法。将自控阀的局部水头损失引入管网水力计算当中，计算自控阀在每个管段不同开启度条件下对管网压力变化的影响程度，提出管网影响度的概念。并以实例管网进行验证，得出了自控阀在管网中合理布置的一般原则。研究证明，该方法具有实用、简便、易于操作等特点，非常有利于在供水企业中的应用。

关键词： 自控阀     给水管网     布置     管网影响度    

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Reactive power deployment and cost benefit analysis in DNO operated distribution electricity markets

Atma Ram GUPTA,Ashwani KUMAR

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 86-98 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0456-8

摘要： The aim of this paper is to analyze unbalanced radial distribution systems (UBRDS) with the distribution static compensator (D-STATCOM). The main objectives of this paper are D-STATCOM allocation in UBRDS with an objective of providing reactive power support to enhance voltage profile and reduce line losses of the distribution network, determination of optimal D-STATCOM rating subjected to minimization of total cost, and impact of D-STATCOM placement on improving power factor and savings in cost of energy loss. The analysis is conducted on a large industrial load model with light, medium and high loading scenarios. Further, the impact of load growth is also considered for better planning of the power distribution system. The results are obtained on standard 25-bus UBRDS to check the feasibility of the proposed methodology.

关键词： unbalanced distribution system     D-STATCOM     voltage sensitivity index     load models     load growth     distribution network operator (DNO)    

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Optimal locations of monitoring stations in water distribution systems under multiple demand patterns

Shuming LIU, Wenjun LIU, Jinduan CHEN, Qi WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 204-212 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0364-9

摘要： A flaw of demand coverage method in solving optimal monitoring stations problem under multiple demand patterns was identified in this paper. In the demand coverage method, the demand coverage of each set of monitoring stations is calculated by accumulating their demand coverage under each demand pattern, and the impact of temporal distribution between different time periods or demand patterns is ignored. This could lead to miscalculation of the optimal locations of the monitoring stations. To overcome this flaw, this paper presents a Demand Coverage Index (DCI) based method. The optimization considers extended period unsteady hydraulics due to the change of nodal demands with time. The method is cast in a genetic algorithm framework for integration with Environmental Protection Agency Net (EPANET) and is demonstrated through example applications. Results show that the set of optimal locations of monitoring stations obtained using the DCI method can represent the water quality of water distribution systems under multiple demand patterns better than the one obtained using previous methods.

关键词： demand coverage     monitoring     optimization     water distribution network     water quality    

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A new technique for islanding operation of distribution network connected with mini hydro

J. A. LAGHARI,H. MOKHLIS,M. KARIMI,A. H. A. BAKAR,Hasmaini MOHAMAD

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第16卷 第5期   页码 418-427 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400309

摘要： An islanding operation of a distribution network is a topic of interest due to the significant penetration of distributed generation (DG) in a power system network. However, controlling the frequency of an islanded distribution system remains an unresolved issue, especially when the load exceeds the generation. This paper presents a new technique for a successful islanding operation of a distribution network connected with multiple mini hydro based DGs. The proposed technique is based on three main parts. The first part uses an islanding detection technique to detect the islanding event correctly. The second part consists of a power imbalance estimation module (PIEM), which determines the power imbalance between the generation and load demand. The third part consists of a load shedding controller, which receives the power imbalance value and performs load shedding according to load priority. The proposed technique is validated on an 11 kV existing Malaysia distribution network. The simulation results show that the proposed technique is effective in performing a successful islanding operation by shedding a significant number of loads.

关键词： Islanding operation     Mini hydro     Distributed generation (DG)     Islanding detection     Load shedding    

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Topology-independent end-to-end learning model for improving the voltage profile in microgrids-integrated power distribution

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 211-227 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0847-3

摘要： With multiple microgrids (MGs) integrated into power distribution networks in a distributed manner, the penetration of renewable energy like photovoltaic (PV) power generation surges. However, the operation of power distribution networks is challenged by the issues of multiple power flow directions and voltage security. Accordingly, an efficient voltage control strategy is needed to ensure voltage security against ever-changing operating conditions, especially when the network topology information is absent or inaccurate. In this paper, we propose a novel data-driven voltage profile improvement model, denoted as system-wide composite adaptive network (SCAN), which depends on operational data instead of network topology details in the context of power distribution networks integrated with multiple MGs. Unlike existing studies that realize topology identification and decision-making optimization in sequence, the proposed end-to-end model determines the optimal voltage control decisions in one shot. More specifically, the proposed model consists of four modules, Pre-training Network and modified interior point methods with adversarial networks (Modified IPMAN) as core modules, and discriminator generative adversarial network (Dis-GAN) and Volt convolutional neural network (Volt-CNN) as ancillary modules. In particular, the generator in SCAN is trained by the core modules in sequence so as to form an end-to-end mode from data to decision. Numerical experiments based on IEEE 33-bus and 123-bus systems have validated the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.

关键词： end-to-end learning     microgrids     voltage profile improvement     generative adversarial network    

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控制器局域网在错误状态下的报文延时分布研究 Research Papers

Lei-ming ZHANG, Yi-chao SUN, Yong LEI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第20卷 第6期   页码 760-772 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700815

摘要： 控制器局域网（CAN）是一种广泛应用于各类工业场景的现场总线协议。为深入理解错误发生时的网络行为并优化网络控制系统设计，需分析CAN网络报文响应时间。本文在考虑错误的基础上，提出一种新颖的CAN网络报文延时分布分析方法，将复杂报文序列分解为典型报文模式和情形。首先开发随机故障模型并定义概率因子计算错误的分布形式，其次基于错误分布分析单个子节点布局下报文的延时分布。然后基于典型报文模式和情形的延时分布，开发多子节点布局下报文延时分布的分析框架。最后搭建实验平台，在不同网络设置下进行多组实验，展示和验证该方法。结果表明该方法计算出的报文延时分布与实际观测值一致。

关键词： 控制器局域网；报文延时；概率分布；错误    

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城市给水管网恒定流和瞬变流数学模型研究

汪守东,沈永明,姜恒志

《中国工程科学》 2007年 第9卷 第12期   页码 26-30

摘要：

首先基于节点方程法，建立了给水管网恒定流数学模型，并采用经改进的牛顿迭代法实现了对模型的求解；其次由特征线法建立了给水管网瞬变流数学模型，可预测管网运行中出现的有害水击，并求得可能出现的最大(最小)水压及其相应发生的位置。实例研究表明，建立的模型是可靠的，且具有计算速度快、精度高等优点，可以用于城市给水管网的水力平衡数值模拟研究和为设计者防护水击所采取的措施提供理论依据。

关键词： 给水管网     恒定流     瞬变流     水击     牛顿迭代法    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Estimation of distribution algorithm enhanced particle swarm optimization for water distribution network

Xuewei QI,Ke LI,Walter D. POTTER

期刊论文

Distributed energy management for networked microgrids in a three-phase unbalanced distribution network

期刊论文

Data-driven distribution network topology identification considering correlated generation power of distributed

期刊论文

Planning and analysis of the demonstration project of the MVDC distribution network in Zhuhai

Lu QU, Zhanqing YU, Qiang SONG, Zhichang YUAN, Biao ZHAO, Dawei YAO, Jianfu CHEN, Yao LIU, Rong ZENG

期刊论文

A novel power system reconfiguration for a distribution system with minimum load balancing index using

K. Sathish KUMAR, T. JAYABARATHI

期刊论文

Hazard and vulnerability evaluation of water distribution system in cases of contamination intrusion

Kunlun XIN, Tao TAO, Yong WANG, Suiqing LIU

期刊论文

Active-reactive power scheduling of integrated electricity-gas network with multi-microgrids

期刊论文

Distribution of phytoplankton community and its influence factors in an urban river network, East China

Ling Sun, Hui Wang, Yuanqing Kan, Shiliang Wang

期刊论文

自控阀在给水管网中布置方法的研究

张宏伟,郭祎萍,牛志广,张丽

期刊论文

Reactive power deployment and cost benefit analysis in DNO operated distribution electricity markets

Atma Ram GUPTA,Ashwani KUMAR

期刊论文

Optimal locations of monitoring stations in water distribution systems under multiple demand patterns

Shuming LIU, Wenjun LIU, Jinduan CHEN, Qi WANG

期刊论文

A new technique for islanding operation of distribution network connected with mini hydro

J. A. LAGHARI,H. MOKHLIS,M. KARIMI,A. H. A. BAKAR,Hasmaini MOHAMAD

期刊论文

Topology-independent end-to-end learning model for improving the voltage profile in microgrids-integrated power distribution

期刊论文

控制器局域网在错误状态下的报文延时分布研究

Lei-ming ZHANG, Yi-chao SUN, Yong LEI

期刊论文

城市给水管网恒定流和瞬变流数学模型研究

汪守东,沈永明,姜恒志

期刊论文